Route 66. Everyone hears about Route 66. You can buy Route 66 memorabilia in any town that lies within about 200 miles of the original track of Route 66; coffee mugs, koozees, purses. I’ll bet there’s even someone out there wearing a pair of boxer shorts that say “Route 66.” If Route 66 memorabilia were outlawed, there’s probably a small town in China would that would have to close a factory and file bankruptcy. Songs have been written about it (trivia for those of you old enough to remember: Bobby Troup, who played Dr. Early on the 1970’s series “Emergency”, wrote it). The fame of Route 66 comes from the fact that it stretched from the East Coast to the West Coast—and a damn good PR/marketing department. Route 66, however, is only one of many US highways that run from east to west and north to south (more on that logic later).
While the concept of the Interstate system as we know it today was studied as early as the 1930’s, the US highway system was the main transportation web throughout the country until the 1950’s. During the Eisenhower era the Cold War was in full swing. A mere decade after we watched the majority of Europe get taken over by a madman and the Pacific taken over by the Japanese, a new threat had arisen: The Soviet Union. Everyone was worried because “the commies” had “the bomb.” Kids were taught to “duck and cover” in school (like that’s gonna help in a nuclear blast…) and people installed bomb shelters in their backyards. One of the more practical defense measures to come out of that era was a new transportation system.
There was a very real threat from the Soviets and Eisenhower, the former general turned president, knew that if the United States should be attacked, a good road system on which to transport men and material was essential. Thus the Interstate highway system—a series of limited access, high speed roads running from south to north and west to east—was created (more trivia: on certain interstate deemed to have strategic importance, one requirement was to have a one mile stretch every ten miles that was level and straight enough to be used as an emergency landing field for military aircraft). The creation of the Interstate Highway System relegated the US highways to secondary road status—and reduced traffic in many communities throughout the country.